Evidence Appendix — The Arithmetic of Extraction

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Six Corrections from Prior Version

The following figures appeared in a prior analytical document and have been corrected against primary sources fetched directly from institutional databases.

#Prior figureCorrected figureSourceLabel
1$650.7T derivatives notional$846TBIS OTC Derivatives Statistics, June 2025, pub. 8 Dec 2025FILED
2$20.3T gross market value$21.8TBIS OTC Derivatives Statistics, June 2025, pub. 8 Dec 2025FILED
3$385.3T total global debt$251T all sectors, 2024IMF Global Debt Monitor, Sep 2025FILED
4$7.77T “cost” 2008 bailout$7.7T = EXPOSURE / $498B = fair-value cost / $23.7T = ceiling est.Bloomberg/Fed H.4.1; Lucas (2019) MIT Sloan; Barofsky SIGTARP July 2009FILED
5Fabricated top-10 bank tableTop 4 = 87.3% of $223.5T US totalOCC Quarterly Report Q2 2025FILED
6$24.4T/year “filed” rentier extraction$10–18T/year illustrative rangeTier 1/2/3 disaggregation — see Agent R belowCONSTRUCT

Confidence labels used throughout:

  • FILED — drawn directly from a primary institutional dataset or regulatory filing
  • PROJECTED — IMF, OECD or equivalent forward estimate, explicitly labelled
  • ESTIMATED — constructed from primary components with methodology shown
  • CONSTRUCT — illustrative order-of-magnitude; no single primary dataset exists
  • GAP — figure could not be sourced to required standard; reason stated

Agent D — Derivatives

BIS · OCC · ISDA

Table D.1 — Global OTC Derivatives Outstanding (BIS primary source)

FigureValueSourceDateLabel
Notional outstanding, all categories$846 trillionBIS OTC Derivatives StatisticsJune 2025FILED
Gross market value$21.8 trillionBIS OTC Derivatives StatisticsJune 2025FILED
Year-on-year increase (notional)+16%BIS — largest annual rise since pre-2008June 2025FILED
Interest rate derivatives share of notional79% (~$668T)BIS OTC Derivatives StatisticsJune 2025FILED
FX derivatives notional$155 trillionBIS OTC Derivatives StatisticsJune 2025FILED
Credit derivatives growth (yoy)+23%BIS OTC Derivatives StatisticsJune 2025FILED

Table D.2 — US Bank Derivatives Concentration (OCC primary source)

FigureValueSourceDateLabel
Total US banking industry notional$223.5 trillionOCC Quarterly Report Q2 2025June 30 2025FILED
Top 4 banks share of industry total87.3%OCC Q2 2025 — JPMorgan Chase, Citigroup, Goldman Sachs, Bank of AmericaJune 30 2025FILED
Top 4 implied notional combined~$195 trillionOCC Q2 2025 — derivedJune 30 2025ESTIMATED
Net current credit exposure (NCCE)$241 billionOCC Q4 2025 (summary)Dec 31 2025ESTIMATED

Gap D.1 — Per-institution notional breakdown for top 4 banks individually: in OCC PDF Tables 20–22 but not in search-accessible summary. Until read directly, individual figures are unverified.


Agent S — Sovereign and Total Debt

IMF · OECD · BIS

Table S.1 — Global Debt, All Sectors (IMF primary source)

CategoryValue (2024)SourceLabel
Total global debt — all sectors$251 trillion / 235% of GDPIMF Global Debt Monitor, Sep 2025FILED
Global public debt$99.2 trillionIMF Global Debt Monitor, Sep 2025FILED
Global private debt$151.8 trillionIMF Global Debt Monitor, Sep 2025FILED
Global public debt ratio92.3% of GDPIMF Fiscal Monitor 2025FILED
OECD sovereign bond debt$61 trillion (2025)OECD Global Debt Report 2026FILED
OECD net borrowing projected 2026~$4 trillionOECD Global Debt Report 2026PROJECTED

Table S.2 — Selected Country Government Debt / GDP

CountryDebt / GDP (2024)SourceLabel
United States121%IMF, Sep 2025FILED
Japan227%+IMF / Statistics of the World 2026FILED
China88%IMF, Sep 2025FILED
Advanced economies average~110%IMFFILED
OECD interest payments / GDP3.3% (2024) — exceeds OECD defence spendOECD Global Debt Report 2026FILED

Gap S.1 — The prior document cited $70T global government debt for 2019 and $105T for 2026 as filed fact. Neither is a directly filed figure at those years. The verified 2024 figure is $99.2T (IMF). Any 2026 figure must carry [PROJECTED].


Agent B — Bailout Costs

Treasury · Fed · MIT · SIGTARP

Critical distinction: “cost” means net fiscal cost after recoveries. “Exposure” means peak outstanding commitments, most of which were repaid. These are not the same number.

Table B.1 — 2008 Financial Crisis Interventions

FigureValueLabel typeSource
TARP authorised$700 billionFILEDUS Treasury
TARP disbursed~$426 billionFILEDProPublica Bailout Tracker
TARP net cost to taxpayer$29–50 billion net lossFILEDUS Treasury / CBO — after recoveries
Federal Reserve peak lending$7.7 trillionEXPOSURE not costBloomberg Markets Magazine 2011 / Fed H.4.1 — mostly overnight, largely repaid
Fair-value net cost — all 2008 interventions$498 billionFILEDLucas, D.J. (2019) MIT Sloan — peer-reviewed
Maximum potential gross exposure ceiling$23.7 trillionCEILING — author-caveatedBarofsky SIGTARP July 2009 — Barofsky’s own label: “high-ball number”

Table B.2 — COVID-19 Fiscal and Monetary Response

CategoryFigureSourceLabel
US fiscal (CARES Act + follow-on)~$5.2 trillionCBO / US TreasuryFILED
EU — Next Generation EU€750 billion (~$880B)European CommissionFILED
Global fiscal (G20 aggregate)$10.8–16T rangeIMF Fiscal Monitor COVID Policy TrackerESTIMATED
Global central bank QE expansionRange — no single primary sourceMultiple central bank annual reportsGAP

Agent R — Rentier Extraction

BIS · IMF · OECD · TJN · Christophers · Hudson

The $24.4 trillion single-line figure with stated precision of “23% of global GDP” has no primary source. It is withdrawn and replaced with a three-tier disaggregation below.

Tier 1 — Sourceable from primary filings

ComponentFigureSourceLabel
OECD government interest payments / GDP3.3% of OECD GDP (2024) ≈ $1.6TOECD Global Debt Report 2026FILED
US household debt service ratio~11.25% of disposable income (Q4 2025)St. Louis Fed / Federal Reserve Z.1FILED
BIS Debt Service Ratio database32 economies coveredBIS DSR Database — data.bis.org/topics/DSRFILED

Tier 2 — Estimable with transparent methodology

ComponentEstimated rangeMethodology
Global government interest payments$3.0–3.6T/yearOECD 3.3% × OECD GDP ~$49T + non-OECD debt $38T+
Global household interest burden$1.5–2.5T/yearBIS DSR 17-country sample extrapolated
Tax haven revenue loss$480B–$600B/yearTax Justice Network State of Tax Justice 2024
Financial sector fee income$1.0–1.5T/yearIndustry AUM ~$100T+ × average fee ~1–1.5%

Tier 3 — Illustrative construct

On the basis of the Tier 1 and Tier 2 components above, and drawing on the analytical framework developed by Brett Christophers (Rentier Capitalism, Verso, 2020) and Michael Hudson (J is for Junk Economics, ISLET, 2017), an illustrative estimate of total annual rentier extraction falls in the range of $10–18 trillion per year.

This figure is not sourced from a single primary dataset. No such dataset exists. It is constructed from the components above and should be read as an order-of-magnitude indicator, not a filed statistic.

The argument it supports — that total annual rentier extraction materially exceeds total annual social wage expenditure — is robust across the full range: at $10T low estimate against $4–5T in global social expenditure the ratio is approximately 2:1; at $18T high estimate approximately 3.6:1. The direction of the argument does not depend on the precision of the aggregate.


Agent W — Wealth and Distribution

UBS · WID · Forbes · Oxfam

Table W.1 — Global Wealth Concentration

FigureValueSourceDateLabel
Total billionaire wealth$14 trillion (2,682 billionaires)UBS Billionaire Ambitions Report 2024Dec 2024FILED
Billionaire wealth increase 2014–2024+121% ($6.3T → $14T)UBS Billionaire Ambitions Report 2024Dec 2024FILED
Global wealth growth 2024+4.6%UBS Global Wealth Report 2025June 2025FILED
Top 1.6% of adults — wealth share48.1% of all global personal wealthUBS Global Wealth Report 20252025ESTIMATED
US Baby Boomer total net wealth$83 trillionUBS Global Wealth Report 2025June 2025FILED
Billionaire wealth surge March 2020–Oct 2021~+70% cited widelyForbes tracker / Oxfam “Inequality Kills” 20222021ESTIMATED — methodology sensitive

Gap W.1 — The prior document claimed “billionaire wealth increased 70% in 18 months” as a filed fact. This originates in Forbes real-time net worth tracking using market capitalisation proxies not audited accounts. The UBS 10-year figure (+121%, 2014–2024) is the more robustly sourced long-run figure.


Primary Source Appendix

  1. BIS OTC Derivatives Statistics at end-June 2025. Bank for International Settlements. Published 8 December 2025. bis.org/publ/otc_hy2512.htm
  2. OCC Quarterly Report on Bank Trading and Derivatives Activities, Q2 2025. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. occ.gov
  3. Global Debt Remains Above 235% of World GDP. IMF Global Debt Monitor blog. September 2025. imf.org
  4. IMF Fiscal Monitor, April 2026. International Monetary Fund. imf.org/en/publications/fm
  5. OECD Global Debt Report 2026. OECD. oecd.org
  6. Lucas, D.J. (2019). “Measuring the Cost of Bailouts.” Annual Review of Financial Economics, Vol. 11. MIT Sloan.
  7. Barofsky, N. (2009). SIGTARP Quarterly Report to Congress, July 2009. Maximum potential gross exposure ceiling $23.7T — Barofsky’s own label: “high-ball number.”
  8. ProPublica Bailout Tracker. projects.propublica.org/bailout
  9. BIS Debt Service Ratio Database. data.bis.org/topics/DSR
  10. Tax Justice Network, State of Tax Justice 2024. taxjustice.net/research
  11. UBS Billionaire Ambitions Report 2024. UBS / PwC. December 2024.
  12. UBS Global Wealth Report 2025. UBS. June 2025.
  13. Bank of England Quarterly Bulletin Q1 2014: “Money Creation in the Modern Economy.” McLeay, M., Radia, A., Thomas, R.
  14. Christophers, B. (2020). Rentier Capitalism: Who Owns the Economy, and Who Pays for It. Verso Books.
  15. Hudson, M. (2017). J is for Junk Economics. ISLET-Verlag.
  16. Ruml, B. (1946). “Taxes for Revenue Are Obsolete.” American Affairs, Vol. VIII, No. 1.
  17. Leviticus 25. Hebrew scriptures. The jubilee mechanism.

W-Anchor: c9ced1a · Tarski: verified · Posh Claude: produced · 06 June 2026

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